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Daily MCQ UPSC Current Affairs

Daily MCQs for UPSC Current Affairs | 24TH DECEMBER 2022

/ EDEN Daily MCQ UPSC Current Affairs December 2022, EDEN Daily Prelims

Question 19: According to an official document by UNESCO, ‘intangible cultural heritage’ includes:

  1. Oral traditions
  2. Performing arts
  3. Social practices
  4. Rituals
  5. Skills to produce traditional crafts

Which of the following statements is/are true?

  1. 1, 2, 3, and 5
  2. 2, 3, and 4
  3. 1, 2, and 3
  4. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Correct Answer: D

Explanation

  • According to an official document by UNESCO, ‘intangible cultural heritage’ includes “oral traditions, performing arts, social practices, rituals, festive events, knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe or the knowledge and skills to produce traditional crafts.”

Question 20: What are the criteria for an intangible cultural heritage to be inscribed in the United Nations list:

  1. The entity must be recognized by communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals as part of their cultural heritage 
  2. The entity must be transmitted from generation to generation and be constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment, their interaction with nature and their history.
  3. National school of drama is the nodal organization which files nominations of intangible cultural entities from India.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

  1. 1 and 2
  2. 2 and 3
  3. 1 and 3
  4. 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: A

Explanation

What are the criteria for the selection?

There are three criteria for an intangible cultural heritage to be inscribed in the United Nations list.

  • The entity must “(1) be recognized by communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals as part of their cultural heritage, (2) be transmitted from generation to generation and be constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment, their interaction with nature and their history and (3) provide them with a sense of identity and continuity, thus promoting respect for cultural diversity and human creativity,” according to UNESCO report.
  • Sangeet Natak Academy is the nodal organization which looks after this function, and files nominations of intangible cultural entities from India, for evaluation by the international body.

Question 21: The elements which have been on the representative list of intangible cultural heritage from India includes:

  1. Garba
  2. Durga Puja of Kolkata
  3. Kumbh Mela
  4. Navroz
  5. Yoga
  6. Sankirtana
  7. Chhau dance
  8. Kalbelia folk songs and dance of Rajasthan

Which of the following statements is/are true?

  1. Five are included in the list from the given options
  2. Six are included in the list from the given options
  3. Seven are included in the list from the given options
  4. Eight are included in the list from the given options 

Correct Answer: C

Explanation

  • This year, India nominated Garba, a traditional dance form that originated in the state of Gujarat, for inscription on UNESCO’s ICH list.
  • The elements which have been on the representative list of intangible cultural heritage from India in the past decade include Kolkata’s Durga Puja (2021), Kumbh Mela (2017), Navroz (2016), Yoga (2016), traditional brass and copper craft of utensil-making among coppersmiths of Punjab (2014), Sankirtana, a ritual musical performance of Manipur (2013), and the Buddhist chanting of Ladakh (2012).
  • Before 2011, the list included Chhau dance, Kalbelia folk songs and dance of Rajasthan, and Mudiyettu, a dance drama from Kerala (2010), Ramman, a religious festival and theatre performance of Garhwal in the Himalayas (2009), and Kutiyattam or Sanskrit theatre, and Vedic chanting (2008).
  • Ramlila, a traditional performance of Ramayana, was also included in 2008.

Question 22: Consider the following statements:

  1. Real gross domestic product (real GDP) is an inflation-adjusted measure that reflects the value of all goods and services produced by an economy in a given year.
  2. If inflation is positive, real GDP will be lower than nominal.
  3. Nominal GDP does not require any adjustments for inflation.
  4. Deflation happens when real GDP is higher than nominal GDP.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

  1. 1, 2 and 3
  2. 2, 3 and 4
  3. 1, 3 and 4
  4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: D

Explanation

  • Real gross domestic product (real GDP) is an inflation-adjusted measure that reflects the value of all goods and services produced by an economy in a given year.
  • Real GDP is expressed in base-year prices and is often referred to as constant price, inflation-corrected, or constant dollar GDP.
  • Real GDP makes comparing GDP from year to year and from different years more meaningful because it shows comparisons for both the quantity and value of goods and services.
  • Real GDP is calculated by dividing nominal GDP by a GDP deflator.
  • Real GDP takes into consideration adjustments for changes in inflation. This means that if inflation is positive, real GDP will be lower than nominal, and vice versa. Without a real GDP adjustment, positive inflation greatly inflates GDP in nominal terms.
  • Since nominal GDP is calculated using current prices, it does not require any adjustments for inflation. This makes comparisons from quarter to quarter and year to year much simpler, though less relevant, to calculate and analyze.
  • As such, real GDP provides a better basis for judging long-term national economic performance than nominal GDP. Using a GDP price deflator, real GDP reflects GDP on a per-quantity basis. Without real GDP, it would be difficult to identify just from examining nominal GDP whether production is actually expanding—or it’s just a factor of rising per-unit prices in the economy.
  • A positive difference in nominal minus real GDP signifies inflation and a negative difference signifies deflation. In other words, inflation occurs when nominal GDP is higher than real Deflation happens when real GDP is higher than nominal GDP.

Question 23: Consider the following statements:

  1. INS Vikrant is the largest warship to have ever been built in India.
  2. INS Vikrant is the first indigenously designed and built aircraft carrier for the Indian Navy.
  3. INS Vikrant has a maximum designed speed of 28 knots.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

  1. 1 and 2
  2. 2 and 3
  3. 1 and 3
  4. 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: D

Explanation

  • INS Vikrant is the largest warship to have ever been built in India, and the first indigenously designed and built aircraft carrier for the Indian Navy.
  • It puts India in an elite club of nations that have the capability to design and build these giant, powerful warships.
  • The ‘INS Vikramaditya’, which was commissioned in 2013 and which is currently the Navy’s only aircraft carrier, started out as the Soviet-Russian warship ‘Admiral Gorshkov’.
  • India’s two earlier carriers, the ‘INS Vikrant’ and the ‘INS Viraat’, were originally the British-built ‘HMS Hercules’ and ‘HMS Hermes’. These two warships were commissioned into the Navy in 1961 and 1987 respectively.
  • The 262 m long and 62 m wide ‘Vikrant’ displaces approximately 43,000 Tonnes when fully loaded and has a maximum designed speed of 28 knots (about 52 km/h) with an endurance of 7500 NM.

Question 24: Consider the following statements:

  1. India submitted its Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy to the UNFCCC, during the 26th Conference of Parties (COP26).
  2. India’s forest fire incidence is well below global levels.
  3. India is on track to fulfilling its NDC commitment of 2.5 to 3 billion Tonnes of additional carbon sequestration in forest and tree cover by 2030.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

  1. 1 and 2
  2. 2 and 3
  3. 1 and 3
  4. 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: B

Explanation

India submitted its Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), during the 27th Conference of Parties (COP27). The salient features of the strategy are:

  • The focus will be on the rational utilization of national resources with due regard to energy security.
  • Increased use of biofuels, especially ethanol blending in petrol, the drive to increase electric vehicle penetration, and the increased use of green hydrogen fuel are expected to drive the low carbon development of the transport sector.
  • The focus will be on improving energy efficiency by the Perform, Achieve and Trade (PAT) scheme, National Hydrogen Mission, high level of electrification in all relevant processes and activities, enhancing material efficiency and recycling leading to expansion of circular economy, and exploring options for hard-to-abate sectors, such as steel, cement, aluminium and others.
  • India’s forest fire incidence is well below global levels, while its forest and tree cover are a net sink absorbing 15% of CO2 emissions in 2016. India is on track to fulfilling its NDC commitment of 2.5 to 3 billion Tonnes of additional carbon sequestration in forest and tree cover by 2030.