Question 9: Consider the following statements:

1. The One Sun One World One Grid Declaration (OSOWOG) was jointly released by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson at the COP25 Climate Meet in Glasgow.
2. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is an inter-governmental organization formed by India and UK.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: D

Explanation

• The One Sun One World One Grid Declaration (OSOWOG) was jointly released by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson at the COP26 Climate Meet in Glasgow.
• In first assembly of the International Solar Alliance (ISA), in October 2018, Prime Minister Narendra Modi floated the idea of the OSOWOG initiative.
• The UK and India decided to merge the UK’s Green Grids Initiative (GGI) and ISA’s OSOWOG into GGI-OSOWOG as part of the UK-India Virtual Summit earlier this year.
• The ISA is an inter-governmental organization formed by India and France, comprising 101 members, to accelerate the global adoption of solar power. As many as 83 ISA member countries have endorsed the One Sun initiative. The ISA and the World Bank are also helping in executing the project.

Question 10: The ‘Solar Facility’, a payment guarantee mechanism, is related with:

1. UNFCCC
2. UNEP
3. OECD
4. International Solar Alliance

Correct Answer: D

Explanation

• The assembly of International Solar Alliance (ISA) approved the ‘Solar Facility’, a payment guarantee mechanism which is expected to stimulate investments into solar through two financial components — Solar Payment Guarantee Fund and Solar Insurance Fund.

Question 11: Consider the following statements with respect to Women’s Involvement in Science & Engineering Research (WISER):

1. It was launched by Indo-German Science & Technology Centre (IGSTC) to encourage women researchers in R&D projects.
2. WISER program will enable gender equality as well as participation of women in Science & Technology.
3. There is no requirement of any age limit.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 3
3. 1 and 3
4. 1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: D

Explanation

• Women’s Involvement in Science & Engineering Research (WISER) program was launched on November 26, 2021.
• This is a first-of-its-kind program, launched to promote women in the field of research and development by lateral entry.
• It was launched by Indo-German Science & Technology Centre (IGSTC) to encourage women researchers in R&D projects.
• WISER program will enable gender equality as well as participation of women in Science & Technology through IGSTC’s program.
• This program of IGSTC is a joint initiative of Department of Science & Technology (DST), India and Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) of Germany.
• This program will support women scientists who are holding regular or long-term research positions in academia or research institutes or industry. Women can involvement in this program through lateral entry. There is no requirement of break- in-career or any age limit.

Question 12: Consider the following statements with respect to Academic Bank of Credits (ABC):

1. Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) is the initiative of Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and Ministry of Education.
2. Credits obtained by undertaking Courses in Registered Higher education institutions during or after the academic year 2028-2019 alone are eligible for Credit transfer, Credit accrual and credit redemption through academic bank of credits.
3. Only credits submitted by an authorized institution will be accepted for storage and validation by the ABC.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 3
3. 1 and 3
4. 1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: C

Explanation

• • Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) is the initiative of Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (Meaty) and Ministry of Education (Moe) respectively.
  • “Academic Bank of Credits” means an academic service mechanism as a digital/virtual/online entity established by University Grants Commission to facilitate students to become its academic accounts holder, thereby paving the way for seamless students’ mobility between or within degree granting HEIs through a formal systems of credit recognition, credit accumulation, credit transfer and credit redemption to promote distributed and flexible teaching learning.
  • Credits obtained by undertaking Courses in Registered HEIs during or after the academic year 2021-2022 alone are eligible for Credit transfer, Credit accrual and credit redemption through academic bank of credits.
  • Academic Bank of Credit shall deposit credits awarded by registered HEIs for courses pursued therein, in the Academic Bank Account of the students and the validity of such credits shall be as per the norms and guidelines issued by the UGC from time to time.
  • ABC shall not accept any document pertaining to course credits directly for students and shall entertain such documents as valid only when the same are transmitted by the respective, registered HEIs awarding the credits.\
  • The ABC platform is a virtual repository or credit database built along the lines of the National Academic Depository, created and maintained by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, that would “store” the credit scores obtained by students in an online Students will have their own accounts, each with their own ABC ID, as well as a dashboard where they can track their credit accumulation, transfer requests, and credit history. Students can also perform credit transfer initiation requests and a follow-up view request status effectively, just like in a traditional bank. In a nutshell, the ABC will make it easier to recognize, transfer, and redeem credits.
  • ABC shall deposit credits awarded by registered institutions into students’ accounts. The Academic bank credit(s) can only be shared from institutions, not directly from the student. Only credits submitted by an authorized institution will be accepted for storage and validation by the ABC.