<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Maharashtra and Gujarat</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”> -In 1960, the bilingual state of Bombay was divided into two separate states— Maharashtra for Marathi-speaking people and Gujarat for Gujarati-speaking people. Gujarat was established as the 15th state of the Indian Union.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Dadra and Nagar Haveli</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”> -The Portuguese ruled this territory until its liberation in 1954. Subsequently, the administration was carried on till 1961 by an administrator chosen by the people themselves. It was converted into a union territory of India by the 10th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1961.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Goa, Daman and Diu</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”> -India acquired these three territories from the Portuguese by means of a police action in 1961. They were constituted as a union territory by the 12th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1962. Later, in 1987, Goa was conferred a statehood. Consequently, Daman and Diu was made a separate union territory. </span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Puducherry </span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>-The territory of Puducherry comprises the former French establishments in India known as Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam. The French handed over this territory to India in 1954. Subsequently, it was administered as an ‘acquired territory’, till 1962 when it was made a union territory by the 14th Constitutional Amendment Act.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Nagaland</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>- In 1963, the State of Nagaland was formed by taking the Naga Hills and Tuensang area out of the state of Assam. This was done to satisfy the movement of the hostile Nagas. However, before giving Nagaland the status of the 16th state of the Indian Union, it was placed under the control of governor of Assam in 1961.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Haryana, Chandigarh and Himachal Pradesh</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”> -In 1966, the State of Punjab was bifurcated to create Haryana, the 17th state of the Indian Union, and the union territory of Chandigarh. This followed the demand for a separate ‘Sikh Homeland’ (Punjabi Subha) raised by the Akali Dal under the leadership of Master Tara Singh. On the recommendation of the Shah Commission (1966), the punjabi-speaking areas were constituted into the unilingual state of Punjab, the Hindi-speaking areas were constituted into the State of Haryana and the hill areas were merged with the adjoining union territory of Himachal Pradesh. In 1971, the union territory of Himachal Pradesh was elevated to the status of a state (18th state of the Indian Union). </span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Manipur, Tripura and Meghalaya</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”> In 1972, the political map of Northeast India underwent a major change. Thus, the two Union Territories of Manipur and Tripura and the Sub-State of Meghalaya got statehood and the two union territories of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh (originally known as North-East Frontier Agency—NEFA) came into being. With this, the number of states of the Indian Union increased to 21 (Manipur 19th, Tripura 20th and Meghalaya 21st). Initially, the 22nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1969) created Meghalaya as an ‘autonomous state’ or ‘substate’ within the state of Assam with its own legislature and council of ministers. However, this did not satisfy the aspirations of the people of Meghalaya. The union territories of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh were also formed out of the territories of Assam. </span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Sikkim</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”> -Till 1947, Sikkim was an Indian princely state ruled by Chogyal. In 1947, after the lapse of British paramountcy, Sikkim became a ‘protectorate’ of India, whereby the Indian Government assumed responsibility for the defence, external affairs and communications of Sikkim. In 1974, Sikkim expressed its desire for greater association with India. Accordingly, the 35th Constitutional Amendment Act (1974) was enacted by the parliament. This amendment introduced a new class of statehood under the constitution by conferring on Sikkim the status of an ‘associate state’ of the Indian Union. For this purpose, a new Article 2A and a new schedule (Tenth Schedule containing the terms and conditions of association) were inserted in the Constitution. This experiment, however, did not last long as it could not fully satisfy the aspirations of the people of Sikkim. In a referendum held in 1975, they voted for the abolition of the institution of Chogyal and Sikkim becoming an integral part of India. Consequently, the 36th Constitutional Amendment Act (1975) was enacted to make Sikkim a full-fledged state of the Indian Union (the 22nd state). This amendment amended the First and the Fourth Schedules to the Constitution and added a new Article 371-F to provide for certain special provisions with respect to the administration of Sikkim. It also repealed Article 2A and the Tenth Schedule that were added by the 35th Amendment Act of 1974. </span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh and Goa</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”> -In 1987, three new States of Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh and Goa came into being as the 23rd, 24th and 25th states of the Indian Union respectively. The Union Territory of Mizoram was conferred the status of a full state as a sequel to the signing of a memorandum of settlement (Mizoram Peace Accord) in 1986 between the Central government and the Mizo National Front, ending the two-decade-old insurgency. Arunachal Pradesh had also been a union territory from 1972. The State of Goa was created by separating the territory of Goa from the Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu. </span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>- In 2000, three more new States of Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand were created out of the territories of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar respectively. These became the 26th, 27th and 28th states of the Indian Union respectively. </span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>Telangana</span></span></b><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”> -In 2014, the new state of Telangana came into existence as the 29th state of the Indian Union. It was carved out of the territories of Andhra Pradesh. The Andhra state Act of 1953 formed the first linguistic state of India, known as the state of Andhra, by taking out the Telugu speaking areas from the State of Madras (now Tamil Nadu), Kurnool was the capital of Andhra state and the state high court was established at Guntur. </span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”> </p>
<p style=”text-align:justify”><span style=”font-size:11pt”><span style=”line-height:normal”><span style=”font-family:Calibri,sans-serif”><span style=”font-size:12.0pt”><span style=”font-family:"Cambria","serif"”>The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 merged the Telugu-speaking areas of Hyderabad state with the Andhra state to create the enlarged Andhra Pradesh state. The capital of the state was shifted to Hyderabad. Again, the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act of 2014 bifurcated the Andhra Pradesh into two separate states, namely, the Andhra Pradesh (residuary) and the Telangana. Hyderabad is made the joint capital for both the states for a period of 10 years. During this period, the Andhra Pradesh should establish its own separate capital. Similarly, the Andhra Pradesh High Court is renamed as the Hyderabad High Court (High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad) and is made common for both the states till a separate High Court is set-up for the State of Andhra Pradesh. Thus, the number of states and union territories increased from 14 and 6 in 1956 to 29 and 7 respectively</span></span></span></span></span></p>